Calculate return on ad spend from advertising cost, attributed revenue, and gross margin, including break-even ROAS and profit after the ad spend.
What ROAS measures
ROAS is attributed revenue divided by ad spend. A 4× ROAS is also 400% of spend. It is a revenue multiple, not net profit. Gross margin turns that revenue into the profit available to pay for ads.
ROAS = attributed revenue ÷ ad spend Gross profit from ads = attributed revenue × gross margin Profit after ad spend = gross profit − ad spend Break-even ROAS = 1 ÷ gross margin
Example
$5,000 of ad spend and $20,000 of attributed revenue is a 4× ROAS. At a 40% gross margin, ad revenue produces $8,000 of gross profit and $3,000 after the ad spend. Break-even ROAS is 2.5×.
Attribution still sits outside the formula
Platform windows, view-through credit, and overlapping campaigns can change the revenue number. Salaries, creative production, refunds, shipping, and overhead are not subtracted here.
Frequently asked questions
Does 400% ROAS mean a 4× profit?
No. It means revenue is four times ad spend, before product cost and other expenses.
Does a higher margin lower break-even ROAS?
Yes. More of each revenue dollar is available to cover ad spend.
Can I calculate ROAS with $0 spend?
Gross profit can still be shown. ROAS is undefined when spend is zero.
Can I compare two ad platforms?
Only after the attribution window, conversion event, and revenue definition match.