Estimate how many units cover fixed costs from selling price and variable cost, including break-even revenue and contribution margin.
What break-even measures
Break-even is the sales volume where contribution from each unit covers the period’s fixed costs. Contribution is price minus variable cost. The page assumes one product and constant prices and costs.
Unit contribution = price − variable cost Break-even units = fixed costs ÷ unit contribution Contribution margin = unit contribution ÷ price Break-even revenue = whole units × price
Example
$10,000 of fixed costs, a $50 price, and a $30 variable cost leave $20 of contribution. Five hundred units cover the fixed costs and produce $25,000 of revenue.
Why the unit count is rounded up
Most products cannot be sold as a fraction. If the exact result is 500.2, 500 units still leave a gap, so the displayed count is 501. A divisible service can be read from the exact figure.
Frequently asked questions
What if price is at or below variable cost?
There is no break-even volume. Each extra unit increases the loss.
What if fixed costs are zero?
The exact unit count is zero whenever price is above variable cost.
Can I model several products?
This version uses one product or a fixed mix. A changing mix needs a weighted contribution.
Does this include income tax?
No. It is an operating planning model, not an accounting or tax return.